Enhanced Gas Permeability by Fabricating Mixed Matrix Membranes of Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes and Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIM)

Abstract

In this study, mixed matrix membranes (MMM) consisting of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) embedded in PIM-1 matrix have been fabricated via solution casting method and their gas transport properties are investigated. The MWCNTs were chemically functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) for a better dispersion in the polymer matrix. The effect of functionalized MWCNTs (f-MWCNTs) loading on gas permeation properties of the MMM were investigated by varying the MWCNTs loading in a PIM-1 matrix from 0.5–3.0 wt %. The derived MMM were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and single gas permeation tests. Gas permeation measurements showed that MMM incorporated with modified and non-modified CNTs exhibited different gas separation performance. The f-MWCNT MMM show better performance compared to MMM with non-modified CNTs in terms of dispersion and permeability at 2 wt% f-MWCNTs loading without sacrificing selectivity. According to diffusivity and solubility data derived from the time-lag method, the PEG chains on MWCNTs show interaction with CO2 as indicated by an increase of the solubility of the polar gas and a reduction of the solubility of non-polar gas, which is advantageous for CO2/N2 separation. The mechanical properties and experimental sorption isotherms of CO2 and N2 of the f-MWCNTs/PIM MMM were enhanced as well.